A Novel Small Sierpenski Antennas

SMALL ANTENNAS Basic Principles of Electrically Small Antennas

E lectrically small antennas have been an important part of communications engineering since the beginning. Whether they are small compared to the extremely long wavelengths used at the lowest radio frequencies, or intended to save space in GHz-range wireless devices, the basic principles are the same. This tutorial will review those principles, with primary attention to describing the performa...

Small Fractal Antennas

Antennas for hand-held communication devices are necessarily small, and typically use wavelengths λ that are large compared to the size of the antenna. This typically implies that the magnitude of the antenna reactance X (= imaginary part of the antenna impedance) is large compared to that of its radiation resistance Rrad (which is related to the time-average radiated power P and the peak curre...

Reactance of Small Antennas

The voltage difference between the two arms of the antenna is On the right is Fig. 86 from [2]. In general the electric field is related to the scalar and vector potentials by E = −∇V − ∂A/∂t = −∇V + iωA, assuming a time dependence of the form e−iωt. Then, ∫ 2 1 E · dl = V1 − V2 + iω ∫ 2 1 A · dl. However, close to a small linear dipole antenna the electric field is much larger than the magneti...

Small Loop Antennas

Small dual-frequency microstrip antennas

The characteristics of a dual-frequency compact antenna, which uses a rectangular microstrip patch with a shorting pin, are studied. Compared with the conventional rectangular patch antenna, this antenna can achieve both a significant reduction of antenna size and a dual-frequency operation with a single feed. A detailed parameter study is performed. The theoretical analysis is based on the fin...